Colchicum autumnale – 3 Litre pot

Description

Pot size: 3 litre pot
Plant size after 3 years: Spread 0.3 meters, Height: flowers up to 15 cm (6 inches), foliage up to 30 cm (12 inches)

Foliage and flower colour: Bright green foliage in spring; lilac-pink to purple flowers in autumn
Flowering months: August to October
Suitable for USDA plant hardiness Zones: 4 to 8

GardenAdvice notes
Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron, or naked ladies, belongs to the family Colchicaceae. Native to much of Europe, including Great Britain and Ireland, this bulbous perennial is not a true crocus but shares a similar appearance. An intriguing characteristic is its autumn-blooming flowers that emerge without any leaves, hence the nickname “naked ladies.” The large, strap-like leaves appear in spring and die back by early summer.

All parts of Colchicum autumnale are highly toxic due to the presence of colchicine, a compound historically used to treat gout. Extreme caution should be taken to prevent ingestion by children or pets. Despite its toxicity, it is cherished for bringing vibrant color to the garden in autumn when few other plants are in bloom. Over time, it naturalizes easily, forming impressive drifts that enhance garden landscapes.

Soil type
Colchicum autumnale thrives in fertile, well-drained soils rich in organic matter. It adapts well to various soil types—including clay, loam, and sandy soils—as long as drainage is adequate. A slightly acidic to neutral pH of 6.0 to 7.5 is ideal. Enhancing the soil with compost or well-rotted manure at planting time can improve fertility and drainage, promoting healthier growth.

Location
Plant in full sun to partial shade. An ideal spot is under deciduous trees or shrubs, where spring foliage benefits from sunlight before the canopy fills in, and autumn flowers can shine after leaves have fallen. Choose a location protected from strong winds to preserve the delicate autumn blooms.

Pest and disease problems
While generally resistant to pests and diseases, Colchicum autumnale can occasionally attract slugs and snails that feed on spring foliage. Control these pests with organic slug pellets, copper barriers, or by handpicking during damp conditions. The plant may also be susceptible to viral diseases, which cause mottled foliage or distorted growth. Remove and destroy affected plants promptly to prevent the spread. Maintaining good air circulation and avoiding overhead watering can minimize disease risks.

Propagation
Division: The most reliable method is dividing corms during the dormant summer period (July to August), after foliage has died back but before flowering. Gently lift clumps and separate offsets from the parent corm. Replant at a depth of 10 cm (4 inches) and space 15 cm (6 inches) apart.

Seed: Propagation from seed is possible but slow, with flowering taking several years. Sow fresh seeds in autumn in well-draining compost-filled trays. Place trays in a cold frame or unheated greenhouse over winter. Germination is slow and may be uneven.

Pruning and dividing
Minimal pruning is needed. Allow foliage to die back naturally in early summer before removing to tidy the garden—do not cut back green leaves, as they are vital for photosynthesis and energy storage for the next season’s blooms. Divide overcrowded clumps every few years during dormancy to rejuvenate plants and enhance flowering.